The 5th Power. A contribution to Marxist theory of the state.

The 6th Power. A contribution to Marxist theory of the state.

By: A. Boente (c)

(English version)

Source: http://www.rena.edu.ve/cuartaEtapa/premilitar/Tema3.html

Public authorities and elections

Organizational chart of the Public Authorities

Public Power and Public Authorities are the set of institutions through which the state exercises control functions in the nation, and also through the same maintains relations with other nations of the international community. The state Public Authorities have a legal basis under the law that gives people the state to control or manage the nation and to exercise this right requires a number of bodies or entities to work with the function of government. This conception of the state, in the first place and for many years was established as a triad, ie, by means of 3 branches: executive, legislative and judicial. This triad was proposed in ancient history by the Greek philosopher Aristotle in his book The Politics, where he argued that in any State shall have three parts, and that the legislature should deal with fixing them. He said that once organized these parties, the state any good and could differentiate the functions of these three factors were: The General Assembly (who deliberates about public affairs), The Body of Benchers and the judiciary, these 2 elements would not clearly defined them.

It was actually the French Montesquieu who in his The Spirit of the Laws established the differences between each of these powers, it is credited with the theory of separation of powers. In each state there are three kinds of powers: legislative, executive, those belonging to civil and judicial.

The Legislative, represented by the prince or magistrate is in charge of making laws for a certain time or forever, and who fixes or repeals that are made. The executive is responsible for making peace or war, establishes security , send and receive ambassadors and prevent invasions, and the court, is who decides to punish the crimes or the disputes of individuals. When the legislative and executive powers are united in one person, eg a king or dictator, freedom is not configured as the logical thing to do tyrannical laws to execute the same way. This also happens when the judiciary is not separate from legislative and executive power. Being connected with it, rule over life and liberty of citizens would be arbitrary and be yourself the judge and the legislature and being attached to the second would be tyrannical, because the judge would enjoy the proper strength of an aggressor . If at any state these 3 powers are held by a single ruler would lose the separation of powers and freedom of nations. Political freedom, a citizen, is the peace of mind that comes from the opinion each one has of his safety and for the enjoyment of it, it must be such that no citizen government has cause to fear any . The judiciary should not be left to a standing senate and yes to people chosen from among the people at certain times of year, so prescribed by law, to form a tribunal which lasts only as long as the need requires. Thus the judicial power would not be assigned to a particular class or belonging exclusively to the profession. And so the judges would not be present for long periods, and would fear is the judiciary, not the judges. This theory was applied in the United States Constitution of 1787, and later in the monarchical constitution of France in 1791. Likewise, the first Constitution of Venezuela of 1811 took this view of the 3 authorities, and this system remained in the country until the year 1999 when it enacted the Bolivarian Constitution of Venezuela, where one assumes the proposal of the Liberator Simón Bolívar 5 Powers, by adding to the executive, legislature and judiciary, the Election and Moral or Citizen. With the assumption of the proposal of Bolivar and the incorporation of the 2 new national powers creating new institutions specific to the new powers, among which stands out the ombudsman's office.

Whenever issues of state and government have been raised, questions: Who controls, who controls?. This is the 5th branch, which has shown its face and its value today, and this from the scientific point of view of Marxist theory is a contribution to it.

The 5th branch is given, not by Martians who has to bring to "control who should control" but that power is present in the 5th as society is organized today alone, because not subject to state or Government, is a genuine power that has taken shape and strength with the use of information technologies and social networks of information, was precisely the power we needed to achieve genuine social improvement and control of the state.

In short that the 5th power, it starts to tremble and the governments that provided the catalyst Moral of its proceedings in the eyes of the rest of the international community and his own, is the public alternative press, using all possible means of communication for provide real and timely information of developments. Alternative radio, alternative TV, the internet as the highest expression, the use of social networks like Facebook or Twitter, but some of us much this pleases them the 5th power, it is something they can not control and governments will have to adjust to more democratic norms, moral and participatory or feel the force of this power over them. Power that is here to stay. A power that does not belong to a particular political system, the same acts on a capitalist country than about a socialist, that on a social democracy, the most important of this power is difficult to blame today, since the democratic character open and universal network of networks makes it a truly social phenomenon of the masses in every country that has access to these technologies. Some governments continue to attempt to block the network, others will try to slow their use, but the future of the 5th power is already present in the main countries in the world today, and as a proxy force is felt in them and in international demand rights of the people that are violated by their ruling houses.To which the people elected to serve them, for better and more humane living conditions, not to exploit the sorjuzgara and repressors as fierce masters. Victims and current prisoners to make use of this power should be released the 5th iso facto.

Copyrigth (c) Unisoft-Alebo 2010